# K-B HPC Knowledge # Background The theoretical knowledge of HPC provides the background to understand how supercomputers and HPC environments operate. This enables practitioners to effectively use such environments. # Aim * To provide background knowledge that is relevant for all other branches. * To provide a theoretical background to judge the behavior and efficiency of systems. * To provide a technical understanding of HPC systems. # Outcomes * Explain the hardware, software, and operation of HPC systems. * Construct and judge simple performance models for systems and applications. * Understand that there are performance frontiers. * Explain why it is a special challenge to achieve good speedups and good efficiencies if the number of processing elements is steadily increased. * Compare different paradigms for the parallelization of applications. * Construct and execute an HPC workflow on an HPC system. * Comprehend job scheduling principles. * Apply a cost model to compute the costs for running a workflow on an HPC system. # Subskills * [[skill-tree:k:1:b]] * [[skill-tree:k:2:b]] * [[skill-tree:k:3:b]] * [[skill-tree:k:4:b]] * [[skill-tree:k:5:b]] * [[skill-tree:k:6:b]]