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--- skill-tree:use:1:4:b [2020/06/25 19:46] – [Outcomes] kai_h
+++ skill-tree:use:1:4:b [2025/11/06 13:30] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-# USE1.4-B Software Environment
+# USE1.4 Remote Access
-# Background
-HPC systems have generally installed multiple versions of several essential software tools and software environments.
-Package management tools provide access to this wide variety of software.
-A user has to load the software for the current shell session to make commands available.
-The widely available software tools are:
+An HPC system is accessed remotely and has its particular file systems that contain data and programs to execute.
-  * Environment modules
+Learning the ways of general interaction with the remote system and the tools involved is essential for newcomers.
-  * Spack
-# Aim
+Users must connect to an HPC system typically using the Secure Shell (SSH), which then starts a shell and allows the interactive access.
-  * To utilize different package management tools to make software available
+When the user disconnects, such a session is terminated.
+Data transfer between a local user system (e.g., desktop or laptop) and a remote system requires special tools.
+Interactive access is also allowed.
-# Outcomes
+The tools discussed here are generally valid for systems using Linux, Mac, Windows, and also mobile devices.
-  * Understand shell variables relevant for executing and building software
-  * Query available software using the package manager
+## Requirements
-  * Select the appropriate versions for deployment in the session environment
-  * Comprehend that Modules can have dependencies and conflicts
+* [[skill-tree:use:1:1:b]]
-    * a Module can enforce that other Modules that it depends on must be loaded before the Module itself can be loaded
-    * conflicting modules must not be loaded at the same time (e.g. two version of a compiler)
+## Learning Outcomes
-  * Use important commands of the Modules environment like
-    * module list
+* Describe how SSH-authentication works:
-    * module avail
+    * Password authentication.
-    * module load program[/version]
+    * Public-key authentication.
-    * module unload program
+    * The role of an authentication agent and the security implications.
-    * module switch program program/version
+* Generate an SSH public/private key under Linux.
-    * module [un]use [--append] path
+* Register a key for public-key authentication using ssh-copy-id or other local methods.
-  * Use self-documentation for the Modules environment
+* Perform a remote login from Linux using SSH.
-    * module display program/version
+* Use SSH-agent or equivalents.
-    * module whatis [program/version]
+* Use Agent forwarding to connect to a third HPC system from an HPC system that you logged into with ssh from your computer.
-    * module help program/version
+* Know when to use and how to create a config file.
-    * module help
+* Utilize tools to transfer data between the local and remote system:
+    * scp
+    * sftp
+    * rsync (-avz)
-# Subskills
-  * [[skill-tree:use:1:4:1:b]]
-  * [[skill-tree:use:1:4:2:b]]
-  * [[skill-tree:use:1:4:3:b]]